Bmw Drives Germany Essay Example

Bmw Drives Germany Essay Example Bmw Drives Germany Essay Bmw Drives Germany Essay Global Business BMW Drives Germany By Peter Gumbel Assignment by Matthew Jackson Table of Contents: Page 1. Task Cover Sheet3 2. Question Summary4 3. Question 15 8 4. Question 2 9 10 5. Question 3. 111 13 3. 214 16 6. Question 417 19 7. Bibliography20 †23 8. Informative supplement A24 9. Addendum B25 Surname:Jackson First Names:Matthew William Student Number:102531 Subject:International Business Assignment Number:One Date Submitted:2008. 06. 12 Submission:Second Postal Address:PO Box 704 Shelly Beach 4265 E-mail:matthew. [emailprotected] co. za Contact Numbers:W039 315 0151 H039 312 0055 Cell0832834460 Course/Intake:MBA Year Two †January 2008 I therefore proclaim that the task submitted is a unique bit of work created without anyone else. Matthew Jackson 75122350090882008. 06. 12 Question Summary Sheet 1. Assess the move in BMW Germany’s disposition and approaches toward FDI. Talk about utilizing applicable hypothesis what you have recognized just like the main thrust behind this adjustment in mentality and strategy. 2. Disclose the advantages to the German economy in BMW’s choice to keep up and improve its assembling tasks in Germany. 3. In the event that BMW needed to expand its assembling activity into a creating Southern African nation, clarify what your proposals would be to their CEO with respect to: 3. 1: Factors to consider preceding the definition of a worldwide system? E. g. Culture, Negotiation, and so on 3. 2: The procedure that BMW ought to use. Legitimize 4. Dissect the Global Competitive condition wherein BMW works and rank their situation in the business. Question 1: Evaluate the move in BMW Germany’s mentality and approaches toward FDI. Talk about utilizing pertinent hypothesis what you have distinguished similar to the main thrust behind this adjustment in disposition and arrangement. Presentation The Policy towards FDI referenced toward the beginning of the article by Gumbel (2007) was intensely impacted by the nearby financial conditions in Germany at that point. Excessive work costs, unyielding association rules and Administrative Policies all affected BMW to explore answers for their neighborhood financial stagnation from for the most part Oligopoly states of most organizations in the soaked European Market. BMW needed to discover arrangements somewhere else. Hypothesis and examination Duthmann et al. (2006) reports that Labor costs are generally costly in Germany. This view is bolstered by information from Appendix A. It was aggravated by the re-unification of East Germany and the Government expected to discover an answer for Unemployment. BMW utilized the vital bit of leeway that these jobless East German Automotive laborers at Leipzig were giving, while at the same time helping government lower joblessness through FDI. Bringing down that part of the contributions to the worth chain had infused benefit to BMW’s income. The Leontief Paradox expresses that nations that are inexhaustible in capital ought to be exporters of capital serious merchandise, and import work escalated products. These imports didn't diminish the strain on household work escalated enterprises. The Leontief Paradox questions the Heckscher-Olin hypothesis on the point that Factor gifts can be affected by Government Policy. BMW is a genuine model demonstrating that this oddity exists. Government intercession in the process of childbirth rights, the abbreviated work week and East German re-unification issues caused over the top weights on high work costs. This straightforwardly caused BMW to move their attention on venture somewhere else, to accomplish cost decrease. The Benefits that Germany appreciated from permitting BMW to seek after their FDI endeavors are identified with their asset move impact, their business impact, their equalization of installments impact and their impact on rivalry and monetary development. Explicit parts for the calfskin seats and cockpits of BMW’s are produced by Fauracia. The normal asset cowhide is of better quality. The parts don't need to be shipped in as completed parts, consequently causing transportation costs, customs and import obligations, and can be gathered nearby, offering prompt assistance support if necessary. Every one of these assets are moved from somewhere else and don't should be expended and given by Germany. Permitting FDI from Daimler-Chrysler and Fauracia permits specialized assets to bring down the scholarly capital channel required in Germany, and this asset can be better used in different divisions. Costs associated with Research and Development of individual parts required in gathering at that point remains with the host country and not Germany, and brings down expenses for BMW. FDI impact on rivalry and financial development in Germany identifies with the Competition made by the contention between Daimler-Chrysler and BMW. This particularly influences administration ventures, for example, Management and these administrations must be conveyed in Germany where the vehicles are created. Radosevic and Rozeik (2005) gives an account of the Cluster in the Central European Economy, and the grouping of provider systems. BMW settled on a similar choice with respect to the flexibly of a portion of their parts to diminish costs. Slope (2007) examines Porters â€Å"Diamond Model† for the determinants of National Competitive Advantage. He is of the supposition that Governments impact the four determinants. To assess whether Germany’s perspectives and arrangements towards FDI where successful, we have to research the impacts the FDI choice had on components of creation, for example, talented work and foundation, on request conditions (modern clients in home market), related and supporting enterprises, and firm system, structure and contention (conditions for association of organizations, and the idea of residential competition) Factor conditions were affected in Germany around then through their approaches towards capital markets. The Business Times(2008) reports that Germany has the most straightforward financial System in Europe and is of the feeling that their high close to home annual expense rate will make cash at last stream to Southeast Asia or Central America in the event that they don't transform it soon. Gumbel (2007) likewise expresses that the suspicion of Anglo-Saxon capital fund hampers the capital market despite the fact that Germany should draw advantage from the brought together European economy. In spite of the fact that mutual funds exist to help finance development inside the European Union (EU), Germany needs to check their capacity so singular neighborhood economies inside the EU might be invigorated. Germany has themselves given cash through the private part, despite the fact that the unification with East Germany took a great deal of speculation to grow once more. This choice would thus be able to be assessed as a decent energizer for household large scale monetary development. Watchman (1980) note that neighborhood government generally shape nearby interest conditions in progressively inconspicuous manners. Nearby Product Standards have consistently been high in Germany, and guidelines for purchasers needs are carefully controlled. The move towards FDI will fit in with this bit of leeway. Gumbel (2007) insinuates the way that Germany has consistently put intensely in their Automotive Industry through sponsoring related and supporting enterprises by means of their customary building ability. BMW moved Faurecia, the organization that constructs their seats and cockpits, on location to make a retrogressive Vertical FDI. This quickens the mutual worth chain exercises, and co-ordinates strong ventures. The cutting of Transportation costs by moving Faurecia on location permitted the extraordinary conditions made by mass customization to be unraveled despite the fact that the cockpits collected for the most part have a high incentive to weight proportion. BMW composed their firm structure as Porter’s Diamond Model recommended they ought to through utilizing the board structures that are in fact prepared and takes into account progressive orderly item and procedure enhancements. This can be found in their Mass Customization program that has honey bee the existence line of their present achievement. The Domestic Rivalry among BMW and Daimler-Chrysler Mercedes-Benz has additionally customarily been answerable for the constant item advancement at BMW. This brought about the drive to diminish input expenses to the Value Chain and improve nature of their item through computerization and utilization of mechanical autonomy. FDI was one of the sources BMW recognized that gives development, lower expenses and better quality. It is additionally the arrangement with Daimler-Chrysler to grow new mixture motors that gives them new innovation. This must be gainful to the two organizations using FDI. Conversation FDI was a decent answer for exploit factor conditions, for example, extraordinary specialized assets, previously existing Research and Development framework, Germany’s great financial framework, and solid nearby capital speculation approaches, the brought together Euro. Request conditions, for example, High neighborhood quality in item principles, the in fact prepared administration firm structures characteristic in most German associations, and the longstanding household contention with Daimler-Chrysler Mercedes, have all made and condition where FDI turned into the coherent answer for the difficulties they confronted. The Macro-financial result of the Foreign Direct Investment permitted Germany to bring down joblessness without assigning some portion of the Gross Domestic Product to improve it. FDI made employments explicitly for the jobless East German car industry laborers in Leipzig. The Balance of installments impact permitted Germany to have a development pace of 2. 8% a year ago. This permitted net fares of $200 Billion, of which BMW appeared on their own equalization explanation sound income of $65 Billion. This was accomplished by setting up FDI to fill in for imports of merchandise or administrations and in this way on a nonstop premise will improve the present record of Germany. End The cozy relationship of Porter’s Model of determinants of near bit of leeway to the FDI choice was talked about. This indicated the precision of FDI in giving a he

How to Optimize Your Marketing Funnel with Alex Brazeau [PODCAST]

Step by step instructions to Optimize Your Marketing Funnel with Alex Brazeau [PODCAST] You are most likely remembering a source of inspiration for each bit of substance, yet would you say you are improving them as a major aspect of your promoting system? Significantly more critically, are your invitations to take action putting your possibilities well into what today’s visitor calls the â€Å"marketing funnel†? Alex Brazeau, the advertising chief at Corel, is going to share his account of how he and his colleagues enhance content, make incredible suggestions to take action, and utilize a showcasing pipe to attract possibilities into transformations. A portion of the points you’ll find out about on today’s show include: What Corel does and about Alex’s job there. How Alex keeps everything composed. The promoting pipe system, from concentrating on potential client issues through looking at, acting, changing over, and holding the client. The most concerning issues Alex confronted when mapping out his channel, just as how he settled the issues. A case of what an advertising effort may resemble when utilizing the showcasing pipe. The outcomes that Alex has accomplished with his showcasing channel. Alex’s best guidance for an advertiser hoping to execute a comparable system. Connections: Corel VideoStudio Smaller scale Moments The Power of Habit by Charles Duhigg Extraordinary Offer on the Corel Photo Video Bundle (10% off!) On the off chance that you enjoyed today’s appear, it would be ideal if you buy in on iTunes to The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast! The web recording is likewise accessible on SoundCloud, Stitcher, and Google Play. Statements By Alex: â€Å"The content difficulties that we face as substance advertisers are in reality quite like pretty much anybody who’s making content without a general strategy.† â€Å"I think receiving a channel structure has hugy affected actually every part of our substance operations.† â€Å"If you’re going to bounce into content promoting, you should have an archived strategy.†

Reliable Tips for Definitions Essay Topics You Can Use Immediately

<h1>Reliable Tips for Definitions Essay Topics You Can Use Immediately </h1> <p>There's, normally, a breaking point on the scope of pages even our absolute best journalists can create with a squeezing cutoff time, however by and large, we make sense of how to fulfill all the customers looking for pressing help. A tight subject like the most noticeably awful area to plunk down in the workplace will be a lousy decision also endeavor to arrive at a fair compromise by choosing, for instance, a useful exposition on the triumphs of Alexander or techniques to cook Italian dishes. Our client care will readily disclose to you whether there are any uncommon proposals right now, and ensure you are getting the absolute best help our business can convey. Thus, a house is intangible.</p> <p>There is a broad determination of definition paper thoughts an understudy could use to make an exposition about. Among the different kinds of paper, there's a definition exposition that could have all the earmarks of being among the most basic assignments. While choosing a definition exposition theme, you should comprehend the subject before you pen the paper for others to peruse. It may be that you're scanning for prolonged definition paper themes that are somewhat immediate or perhaps increasingly theoretical. </p> <p>To produce the points you basically should pick definition exposition in such a paper and set a few catchphrases when you have any at the forefront of your thoughts. The classes you select for your article ought to be totally isolated. All of these unmistakable arrangement exposition subjects isn't difficult to partition into a few classes and will make it feasible for you to handle this extraordinary sort of paper imaginatively. </p> <p>Those decisions aren't frequently evident on the grounds that we don't get the chance to comprehend their genuine internal side. Settle on decisions about which features of the definition you will incorporate. Indeed, finding new word definitions isn't everything necessary, except it is regularly an awesome beginning. </p> <h2> New Ideas Into Definitions Essay Topics Never Before Revealed </h2> <p>Now you might be contemplating how to make a characterization article layout. The characterization article des ign asks a structure, as well. A definition exposition is such a scholastic composing paper doled out to empower the understudies get familiar with the essentialness of new words and train rewording capacities. Our article composing administration will help you with any task. </p> <p>Sometimes individuals can't simply start composing their article without taking a gander at a whole outline of another person, seeing the structure and the manner in which it's composed. In certain occasions, be that as it may, somebody may not make sense of how to understand the nearness of a house in their life, yet one will never question when confessing to claiming a house in case of having discovered one. In this way, in a difficult situation, everybody will in general quest for the help of a nearby person. To have the option to appraise something, you should audit it with the perfect instance of the specific thing. </p> <p>Definition article clarifies the importance of a wo rd or a thought. Like some other paper, a definition one has its quirks and substance prerequisites that ought to be met to be fruitful in the composition. In the event that you are scanning for definition exposition models here's an extraordinary one underneath. Broadened definition paper model is a sort of article which offers a point by point clarification of a term. </p> <p>A definition exposition framework will change long contingent upon the term one is portraying. Characterize by exactly what the term doesn't mean. Notice the manner in which the definition you were talking about influenced you.</p> <h2> The Hidden Truth About Definitions Essay Topics </h2> <p>Consider what you'd prefer to investigate and characterize. Along these lines, at whatever point you truly want to purchase an article on the web, we're here to help you out! An incredible beginning is an assurance of succeeding. </p> <h2>Top Definitions Essay Topics Secrets </h2> <p>The utilization of good educational exposition themes can affect how great an evaluation you get. On the contrary side, securing a rundown of good enticing article points is deficient. The word has all the earmarks of being sufficiently fascinating so as a keen understudy you decide to gaze this upward in the word reference. Normally, you may pick some other t heme. </p> <p>Following is an expertly composed article model regarding the matter of the use of long range interpersonal communication in instruction don't spare a moment to utilize this paper whenever the timing is ideal. You're ready to compose Definition Essay for a course or simply endeavor composing it to expand your English capacities, make it something like a language challenge. The classes encourage explicit point contingent upon the network necessities. </p> <h2>The One Thing to Do for Definitions Essay Topics </h2> <p>The cost of a paper relies on the aggregate sum of exertion the author needs to apply. As of now, a peruser may be thinking Wow! On the off chance that you need help with a definition article, or simply don't have an adequate measure of time to compose it without anyone else, no concerns! In any case, your vital aspect for winning exposition is a completely clear cognizance of what it is that you are probably going to adapt to. </p> & lt;p>Choosing our administration, you will understand that contemplating can be straightforward in the event that you gain from the assistance of skillful specialists. A prepared proficient will make a mistake free task immediately and can assist you with boosting your evaluations. Studies are never really out the most accommodating classes. World class Essay Writers is among unquestionably the most reliable redid exposition composing administrations on the web. </p> <h2>Ruthless Definitions Essay Topics Strategies Exploited </h2> <p>Such paper will assist with understanding an assortment of parts of a specific term and consider them inside models that are simple and real, similar to the ones by means of a regular day to day existence point of view. There are numerous approaches to characterize a term. At the very same time, on the off chance that you'll choose some theoretical thing for a point for your article, you have to comprehend this thing has disti nctive importance to various people. An understudy should stay in touch with the most blazing patterns and know which influential exposition themes are identified with sound persuading concerning protecting genuine beliefs. </p>

An Unequal Essay - What Makes This Type of Essay So Difficult to Write?

<h1>An Unequal Essay - What Makes This Type of Essay So Difficult to Write?</h1><p>It might be amazing that a Wheaton College imbalance exposition can be as hard to compose as it may be, however truly the school has a ton of mind boggling assets and capable educators. The educators at Wheaton College are focused on helping their understudies utilize their abilities and assets to figure out how to successfully communicate in writing.</p><p></p><p>There are various fascinating things to note about the school that I will cover in this article. One of these things is that the school is situated in an amazingly excellent spot that ignores a lovely lake. I surmise that if you somehow happened to discover a spot that isn't a college, that would be a spot that would be ideal for you to take your abilities and communicate in writing.</p><p></p><p>Another extraordinary thing about the Wheaton College imbalance exposition is that the school furnishes its understudies with brilliant scholastic assets to assist them with figuring out how to successfully communicate recorded as a hard copy. These assets are quite of the school itself. You can see an abundance of data on the school's site concerning scholastic assets. These assets are an incredible method to become familiar with composing and approaches to improve your work in the scholastic area.</p><p></p><p>The Wheaton College imbalance paper can likewise be a lot simpler to compose than some different kinds of papers that you may end up composing. What I mean by this is the imbalance paper is in reality exceptionally straight forward. The primary subject of the exposition is something that can be effortlessly characterized. You don't need to research and you don't need to be explicit about anything.</p><p></p><p>The extraordinary thing about this is it tends to be significantly simpler to compose. In any case, the incredible thing about this is the test originates from the way that you need to help other people comprehend what you mean. When you begin figuring out how to adequately communicate recorded as a hard copy it will get simpler to keep in touch with them, and simpler to write by and large. This will likewise assist with building your confidence.</p><p></p><p>Another significant part of the disparity article is that the exposition itself is short. For the most part, whenever an individual has the chance to compose something like this it will be composed inside forty pages. This implies in the event that you are experiencing difficulty composing a shorter paper, you will experience difficulty composing this one.</p><p></p><p>Lastly, the expositions that you compose here at Wheaton College can be transformed into an assessment. This implies you can have them turned in for school acknowledge or in any event, something as straightforwar d as a training test. In any case, in the event that you are feeling sufficiently certain to step through an examination it will cause you to feel progressively sure. This is the reason it is so imperative to peruse the example expositions before you start composing your own.</p><p></p><p>Overall, the Wheaton College imbalance article can be an extremely fun approach to rehearse the abilities that you should compose all the more testing papers later on. It can likewise be an extraordinary method to test your own composing aptitudes and to perceive the amount you are competent of.</p>

Writing Dissertation - An Overview

<h1>Writing Dissertation - An Overview</h1><p>Writing exposition for graduate understudies is more than just writing in the imperative measurements. Truth be told, it is a repetitive undertaking that requires the understudy to really take a gander at different parts of his/her exposition. However much as could be expected, it is fitting for the understudy to compose the thesis in an efficient manner.</p><p></p><p>Dissertation structure is basically gotten from the subject of exploration embraced. The significant issues are directed by the kind of exploration completed and the objectives set for the examination. This is a viewpoint that is essential to be viewed as when composing the dissertation.</p><p></p><p>Dissertation plot isn't only composed on paper, yet it is likewise a significant piece of the whole procedure. An exposition framework ought to likewise be perused before composing the paper. Likewise, an understu dy ought to counsel the layout, as it can give important thoughts and further examination that would be helpful in the composing process.</p><p></p><p>The beginning period of composing the paper is to set up the composed organization. This includes assembling all the important information and sorting out it in an arrangement that is anything but difficult to process. Most thesis traces have certain focuses that are remembered for the creative cycle. These are intended to direct the scientist in arranging the principle parts of the essay.</p><p></p><p>This is the point at which the arrangement of the exposition position is reliant on the examination embraced. When the essential issues in the theme are appropriately talked about, the examination done is additionally explained upon. This is the place the valuable material comes into play.</p><p></p><p>After the fundamental exploration has been finished, the last ph ase of composing the exposition is to gather extra research material. These may originate from books, diaries or much others who might want to contribute with the examination exertion. This is the place some paper plot comes into play.</p><p></p><p>It is an absolute necessity to remain inside the given exploration models of the thesis. It is prompted that the analyst adhere to the objectives and targets referenced in the exposition. This is done to stay away from superfluous duplication of efforts.</p><p></p><p>Students can get hold of exploration articles, paper plots and different assets. A decent exploration library is likewise a decent source to search up for data. These things will enable the understudy to show signs of improvement comprehension of the order while composing the dissertation.</p>

Important Points to Remember While Conducting Research on a Criminal Series

<h1>Important Points to Remember While Conducting Research on a Criminal Series</h1><p>Catcher in the Rye investigate paper themes come in all shapes and sizes. The quantity of them will fluctuate contingent upon your examination needs.</p><p></p><p>Research papers can incorporate everything from reporting your exploration to placing it into a book, a site, or even printed pamphlets. There are some significant focuses that ought to be thought about before doing any examination. These focuses will give you a thought on the amount you ought to spend on your research.</p><p></p><p>Research papers can be on numerous things, for example, a religion or strict books. Catcher in the Rye inquire about is a genuine case of a decent research paper point. In view of its fundamental character being an exceptionally out for the count individual, the point can be secured by the diverse criminologist books that come out on the most pr oficient method to catch a criminal.</p><p></p><p>One thing that is significant is that however there are various sorts of books about how to get a crook, there are not many that will concentrate on simply the primary character of Richard Yates. Huge numbers of the book will likewise cover different characters and how they work and what befell them. The fundamental character might be rich yet will never know it.</p><p></p><p>Most of the characters that have been secured by inquire about papers are not the principle characters that really do a large portion of the getting. For instance, one book would concentrate on an African American criminologist named Doc Smith and his accomplice, Bart Swanson.</p><p></p><p>Catcher in the Rye might be expounded on in a book or perhaps in the notes in an investigator's note pad. In an analyst's scratch pad, be that as it may, books are composed by the writer and in this manner , are not actually exact and will most likely contain numerous inaccuracies.</p><p></p><p>Catcher in the Rye inquire about paper subjects come in various shapes and sizes. Whatever you choose for your exploration paper, simply ensure that it is the best one for your needs.</p>

College Savings Versus Retirement Savings

Financial Professional Content "There's no such thing as a retirement loan." So goes the oft-repeated argument that saving for one's retirement takes precedence over saving for college. In fact, the common advice is to "max out" contributions to 401(k) plans and IRAs before even thinking about putting money towards a 529 college savings plan. Better to have your child take out student loans than risk being financially stressed in your own retirement years. But it's not quite that simple. Some parents will choose to fund their children's college accounts even when they are not making full use of 401(k) plans and IRAs, and for these parents that decision may be the right one. One reason is that they get the same tax break with 529 plans that they get with Roth IRAs: zero taxes. In fact, the after-tax return can be even better with the 529 plan if that parent lives in a state offering a state tax deduction for 529 contributions. This is assuming, of course, that all the requirements are met for tax-free distributions from 529 plans and Roth IRAs. Admittedly, the argument for 529 plans over Roth IRAs weakens considerably as the risk increases that the targeted child will not attend college. Distributed earnings from a 529 become subject to tax and penalty in those circumstances. But many parents are pretty darn sure that their kids will going to college. A second reason is lower expenses, particularly when comparing 529 plans to 401(k) plans. Take a look at the typical fee disclosure document that is now required of all 401(k) plans. You should have no trouble finding a number of different 529 plans with significantly lower expense ratios. Of course, a matching contribution to a 401(k) from an employer should not be missed. But voluntary contributions beyond the match are a different story. And finally, there is the recognition that for many parents college comes along before retirement. Although there are no retirement loans, there may be other options available, and perhaps time to make necessary adjustments. According to one of our online polls, most parents are willing to delay retirement for a couple of years if it would mean less college debt for their children. But suggest to a child that college be delayed for a couple of years? Good luck. Certainly, IRAs can be repurposed to pay college expenses, but doing so can severely impact financial aid eligibility as any distributions must be reported in full as "income" on the following year's FAFSA. Parents who find that they must tap their IRA or Roth IRA for college would very likely have been better off with a 529 plan. (Noted economist and Harvard Professor Robert Pozen recently wrote that the federal government should permit unused balances in a 529 plan to be rolled into a Roth IRA, an idea that I have advanced in the past, and one that makes all the sense in the world. With Pozen's urging, perhaps now Congress will do something about it.) The overall point here is that choosing the proper savings vehicle is not a slam-dunk decision, and the best approach is to carefully coordinate college planning with retirement planning. Many factors, objectives, and expectations need to be considered in the analysis, and financial planners provide great value to their clients by focusing on these twin objectives. Financial Professional Content "There's no such thing as a retirement loan." So goes the oft-repeated argument that saving for one's retirement takes precedence over saving for college. In fact, the common advice is to "max out" contributions to 401(k) plans and IRAs before even thinking about putting money towards a 529 college savings plan. Better to have your child take out student loans than risk being financially stressed in your own retirement years. But it's not quite that simple. Some parents will choose to fund their children's college accounts even when they are not making full use of 401(k) plans and IRAs, and for these parents that decision may be the right one. One reason is that they get the same tax break with 529 plans that they get with Roth IRAs: zero taxes. In fact, the after-tax return can be even better with the 529 plan if that parent lives in a state offering a state tax deduction for 529 contributions. This is assuming, of course, that all the requirements are met for tax-free distributions from 529 plans and Roth IRAs. Admittedly, the argument for 529 plans over Roth IRAs weakens considerably as the risk increases that the targeted child will not attend college. Distributed earnings from a 529 become subject to tax and penalty in those circumstances. But many parents are pretty darn sure that their kids will going to college. A second reason is lower expenses, particularly when comparing 529 plans to 401(k) plans. Take a look at the typical fee disclosure document that is now required of all 401(k) plans. You should have no trouble finding a number of different 529 plans with significantly lower expense ratios. Of course, a matching contribution to a 401(k) from an employer should not be missed. But voluntary contributions beyond the match are a different story. And finally, there is the recognition that for many parents college comes along before retirement. Although there are no retirement loans, there may be other options available, and perhaps time to make necessary adjustments. According to one of our online polls, most parents are willing to delay retirement for a couple of years if it would mean less college debt for their children. But suggest to a child that college be delayed for a couple of years? Good luck. Certainly, IRAs can be repurposed to pay college expenses, but doing so can severely impact financial aid eligibility as any distributions must be reported in full as "income" on the following year's FAFSA. Parents who find that they must tap their IRA or Roth IRA for college would very likely have been better off with a 529 plan. (Noted economist and Harvard Professor Robert Pozen recently wrote that the federal government should permit unused balances in a 529 plan to be rolled into a Roth IRA, an idea that I have advanced in the past, and one that makes all the sense in the world. With Pozen's urging, perhaps now Congress will do something about it.) The overall point here is that choosing the proper savings vehicle is not a slam-dunk decision, and the best approach is to carefully coordinate college planning with retirement planning. Many factors, objectives, and expectations need to be considered in the analysis, and financial planners provide great value to their clients by focusing on these twin objectives.