Law Legal Authority Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Law Legal Authority - Essay Example From this discussion it is clear that the lawyers present policy and legal issues before a group of judges or a single judge in the persuasion of the judge in a bench trial or jury in a jury trial. In addition, judges in the Appellate courts reviews materials collected and compiled from the original trial to determine whether the decision of the lower court was correct.This paper outlines that a court opinion is considered a precedent when a previous ruling by a particular court is used to rule a current case. Precedent court opinions are used in ruling cases in the court because court decisions in similar cases should be similar or same. Published judicial opinions are used by judges to rule out similar cases in the court. The highest court in the U.S is the State Supreme Court. It was created under Article III of the Constitution of the United States. The State Supreme Court has exclusive and original jurisdiction of all controversies related to the state or between two or more sta tes. The State Supreme Court has original jurisdiction of all proceedings involving ambassadors, consults and public ministers. In addition, controversies between the U.S. and a State are ruled by the State Supreme Court. The State Supreme Court has jurisdiction of all proceedings or actions by a State against aliens or citizens of another State.  The state court of appeals handles proceeding and ruling over appeals received from district courts within the State.  

Racial Beauty Standards In The Bluest Eye Essay -- Toni Morrison

In Toni Morrison's The Bluest Eye, the character Claudia struggles with a beauty standard that harms her sense of self-esteem. Claudia tries to make sense of why the beauty standard does not include black girls. The beauty standard determines that blonde-haired blue-eyed white girls are the image of beauty and therefore they are worthy of not only attention, but are considered valuable to American culture of the 1940s. Thus, learning she has no value or beauty as a black girl, Claudia destroys her white doll in an attempt to understand why white girls are beautiful and subsequently worthy, socially superior members of society. In destroying the doll, Claudia attempts to destroy the beauty standard that works to make her feel socially inferior and ugly because of her skin color. Consequently, Claudia's destruction of the doll works to show how the beauty standard was created to keep black females from feeling valuable by producing a sense of self-hate in black females. The racia l loathing created within black women keeps them as passive objects and, ultimately, leads black women, specifically Pecola, to destroy themselves because they cannot attain the blue eyes of the white beauty standard. Claudia tries to resist loving white girls that her sister, Frieda, and friend, Pecola, admires for their beautiful featuresÂâ€" blonde hair and blue eyes. Claudia does not believe that Frieda and Pecola should admire girls who do not look like them physically. Unable to convince Frieda and Pecola that white girls are not the only standard of beauty, Claudia begins to have intense feelings of resentment and anger toward the white beauty standard: "I couldn't join them in their adoration because I hated Shirley. Not because she was... ...g" that she does not really care for white features and/or white girls but she must pretend to have the same feelings and admiration for whiteness. So why must Claudia pretend to like white girls? Claudia learns it is easier to love the white beauty standard than to fight it because everyone even black women believe in white as the only source of beauty. She cannot fight the whole cultureÂâ€"the media, her sister, her friends, her community and the white community. So Claudia must "convert from pristine sadism to fabricated hatred, to fraudulent love (Morrison 23)." She must fake her love for whiteness in order to survive in the culture; she must learn to hate her self to survive and treat herself as invisible object, rather than the socially recognized white girl. Works Cited Morrison, Toni. The Bluest Eye. Afterward by Toni Morrison. New York: Penguin, 1994.

Marketing Mix Cafe Coffee Day Essay

The leading coffee chain across the world, Cafe coffee day has several products which appeal to the Indian audience and it has a price which is very much affordable for the upper middle class of India. The promotions are amazing and it has numerous retail outlets which are growing in number across India. This article discusses the marketing mix of Cafe coffee day. Product: Cafà © Coffee Day product mix constitutes a wide range of products that appeal primarily to Indian coffee and snack lovers. Products have a decided Indian taste to it – be it food or coffee. Most of the eatables have been adopted to meet the Indian taste buds like samosa, biryani, masala sandwich, tikka sandwich etc. Thus they have been trying to capture the Indian taste along with classic coffee.The best selling item in summer is frappe, which is coffee and ice cream blended together. The young people favor it. In winter it is cappuccino. Their merchandising includes funky stuff like t-shirts, caps etc. Price: Considering that Cafà © Coffee Day knows its major customer lies in the bracket of 15- 29,it has tried to derive a policy whereby it can satisfy all its customers. The price for a cup of coffee ranges from Rs.45 to Rs 80. From the time it first started its operations, therehas been only minor changes in the pricing policy of Cafà © Coffee Day. The changes havebeen mo re due to the government taxes than any thing else Place: The strategy CCD has adapted is to place a cafe in every possible location where some business can be generated.This is a prime factor in determining the success of a retail chain. Cafà © Coffee Day looks to cater to their target market with strategically located outlets. Their outlets are generally located in High Street/ Family Entertainment Centers, gas stations, near Collegesetc . Promotion: CCD is involved in all the areas of serious consumer passion like: Television:Cafà © Coffee Day held a contest around a very popular programme on Zee English calledFriends. All the six lead characters are shown often visiting a coffee shop.They have tied up with Channel [V]’s Get Gorgeouscontest. Tie-ups:Besides that Cafà © Coffee Day also tie up lot of the youth brands. So they have a contest going on with Levis,another one with Scooty, Liril, latest one with AirtelFriends. Association with movies:CCD can be seen in movies like Khakhee and Mai Hoon Na Sales Promotion:Cafà © Coffee Day uses special ‘Cafà © Citizen Card’ for rewarding Cafà © Coffee Day’s customers. It is a loyalty program to gain new customers and retain the existing ones. Process: The ordering and delivery process in CCD was earlier based on self- service. But now in most its coffee shops the waiter comes and takes away the order and delivers the order on table. Physical evidence: a)Logo , image, brand: Cafà © Coffee Day has used bright red and green colors in its logo. RED stands forleadership , vitality,passion for coffee. The GREEN stroke harks back the coffee plantations that they own.Cafà © is noticeably larger in the logo to denote that Cafà © Coffee Day pioneered thecafà © concept in India way back in 1996.The font looks as though the letters have congealed out of a liquid. b) Architecture and Decor:Largely wood and granite based interior with young colours of today,like limegreen, yellow, orange, and purple predominate. c) Literature:The literature provided by Cafà © Coffee Day is indicative of its youthful image. Themenus, posters, pamphlets are all designed to attract young and young at heart People: People at Cafà © Coffee Day believe that â€Å"People are hired for what they know but fired for how they behave†. Motivation and personal skill are laid emphasize upon. Their employees are like friend to the customer but at the same time th ey know about the international standards of hygiene and cleanliness and personal grooming.

The Father Of Symphony, And The Brother Of The String Quartet

Franz Joseph Haydn is known today as the â€Å"Father of Symphony† and the â€Å"Father of the String Quartet.† He was not given these titles arbitrarily as his compositions influenced many later prominent artists. Haydn’s life consistently evolved around music. He did not have a primary focus being that he was a singer, instrumentalist, and a composer for periods in his lifetime. Haydn’s musical style saw many new changes and developments, and adapted to his needs, desires, and emotions and outside forces. Mathias Haydn and Maria Koller Haydn gave birth to their second child, Joseph Haydn, on March 31, 1732. Mathias Haydn worked as a wheelwright and served as a Marktrichter in a small village in Austria called Rohrau. A Marktricher has status similar to one of a village mayor. His wife, Maria Koller Haydn was an under-cook in the palace of a local noble. Mathias loved music and would often sing to his children (Dies 6). As Joseph Haydn grew older, he developed an impressive singing voice and pretended to accompany concerts with an imaginary violin. A schoolmaster in the neighboring town of Hainburg noticed young Haydn’s talent and offered the parents a deal. He would give Joseph proper musical training, however, Joseph would have to leave home. Therefore, at the age of six, Joseph Haydn left home to study music with Johann Matthias Frankh. Haydn later recalled that training under Frankh was difficult for him. His clothes were often filthy and he was underfed (Dies 19-23). This l edShow MoreRelated Ludwig Van Beethoven Essay769 Words   |  4 Pagesbreakthroughs in composition came in his instrumental work, including his symphonies. Unlike his predecessor Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, for whom writing music seemed to come easily, Beethoven always struggled to perfect his work. Ludwig van Beethoven was born in Bonn, Germany, and was baptized on Dec. 17, 1770. (There is no record of his birth date.) 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